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from the cape to cairo cartoon analysis11 Apr from the cape to cairo cartoon analysis

Prints and Photographs division. View Rhodes_cartoon_analysis+FINAL.docx from HIS 123 at Duval Charter School at Baymeadows. What were the effects of Belgian imperialism? Includes bibliographical references and index. Christian missionaries, their Chinese converts, and eventually all foreigners were blamed for the troubles and attacked by Boxer bands of disenfranchised young men. While the European powers favored Spain in the Spanish-American War, for example, neutral Britain backed the U.S. During the 1898 Battle of Manila Bay, British ships quietly reenforced the untried U.S. navy by blocking a squadron of eight German ships positioned to take advantage of the situation. In this mocking Life cartoon, a Chinese man with an overturned Bible at his feet laughs ironically at how both the Bible and Uncle Sam relish scenes of slaughter. Heine provided Simplicissimus with what has become a justly famous image: an armed knight, representing the West, pours a torrent of blood over Asia, while his sword drips blood on Africa. "Major Grogan's Financial Analysis," EAS (6 August 1926), 1, 5, 7-8. Here, perfectly mythologized, is yet another graphic rendering of the mystique of Western civilization., Japan Makes her Dbut Under Columbias Auspices. Udo Keppler,Puck, August 16, 1899. Source: Library of Congress. , 1902. 77-99 (2011). This political cartoon was drawn by Edward Linley Sambourne and was published in the 10 December 1892 edition of Punch magazine, appearing beside an article from The Times about a Rhodes plan to extend an electrical telegraph line from Cape Town to Cairo. French artists, on the other hand, leveled charges of barbarism against Great Britain and other imperial powers, including their own country, in vivid graphics. The dignity of the bereaved Filipino in this cartoon is a stark contrast to the usual demeaning stereotypes of half devil and half child that Kipling endorsed and many cartoonists reinforced. Other graphic techniques were used by cartoonists to communicate this message. Orig. A Red-Letter Day. China peeps over the wall. in: Puck, v . The poem acknowledged the thanklessness of a task rewarded with The blame of those ye better, The hate of those ye guard and sentimentalized the savage wars of peace as self-sacrificial crusades undertaken for the greater good. It would have been the largest and most important railway of that continent. Hurst and Blackett. The caption is ominous: War on Earth. Death to all Schools but Ours. The last marcher holds up Drummers Samples, referring to the traveling salesmen of business and commerce. 1345 (1902 December 10), centerfold. As Twain saw it, the U.S. war against the nascent Philippine Republic amounted to little more than mimicry of Britains bloody war of conquest in South Africa. This French cartoon eschews the romantic presentation in the preceding Puckgraphic and casts a far more cynical eye on Anglo-American expansion as fundamentally a matter of conquest. Silence). On Chinas side, the Boxers were absorbed into the Qing government forces to fight the invaders. Are our teachings, then, in vain?" 730-735 (2008). In his right hand Rhodes holds a pith helmet with a rifle slung around his right shoulder. Dickinson State University. Source:Library of Congress. As the American West was absorbed and the continent consolidated, the mandate of Manifest Destiny shifted from territorial to commercial expansion beyond contiguous borders. 6 reviews. Illustration shows Britannia carrying a large white flag labeled "Civilization" with British soldiers and colonists behind her, advancing on a horde of natives, one carrying a flag labeled "Barbarism". wotever 'll become of my ship-building monopoly, if that there Yankee is going to turn out boats like that right along? Louis Dalrymple,Puck, July 24, 1895. such as microfilm or copy prints? The Origins of the Boxer War: A Multinational Study(London, New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003). Almost exactly eight years subsequent to this cartoon's publication, former president Theodore Roosevelt emerged from a long safari in Africa and, invited to speak in Cairo, Egypt, lectured the British about proper colonial administration -- "or leave Egypt. Source:Library of Congress. (1902) From the Cape to Cairo / Keppler. 13, No. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2010652189/. [Read Online]. Civilization (to China). The campaign was stepped up to target the civilian population that provided crucial support for guerrilla fighters in both the Transvaal and Orange Free State republics. The caption reads: The Stranger: How long have you been civilized? International Journal of Comic Art11.1 (2009)pp. Price lists, contact information, and order forms are available on the 62, Issue 4,pp. Le Silence (Concentration Camps in the Transvaal. The U.S. policy of benevolent neutrality supported Britain in the Boer War with large war loans, exports of military supplies, and diplomatic assistance for British POWs. Case Study: The Boxer WarThe Boxer Uprising.Online Encyclopediaof Mass Violence(July 23, 2008). Weekly: https://gmu.zoom.us/meeting/tJYsf-6hpzooHtCcgUHFQlJ5Hy13bvsr3WDv/ics?icsToken=98tyKuCqrzMtE92Ush2DRowQBYqgKPPxmH5Bgrd-nxjQKwZibimjHvsTYbBpA8qD. Co.. Puck Bldg.. NY] Photograph. Recommended citation: Ellen Sebring, Civilization & Barbarism: Cartoon Commentary & The White Mans Burden (18981902), Volume 13, Issue 27, No. The president of the First Philippine Republic, Emilio Aguinaldo, is portrayed as a barefoot savage, wild hair escaping from a dunce cap. | Print shows John Bull attempting to reassure Uncle Sam that the storm clouds labeled "Philippine Complications" blowing in from the right will soon pass; he gestures toward 1 print : chromolithograph. Vol 172 (February 1901). Source: Bibliothque nationale de France, British soldiers laugh at the spectacle of Boer prisoners of war being shocked by an electric fence. Study Resources. This was followed by the invasion and takeover of Puerto Rico. | If an image is displaying, you can download it yourself. The angel of peace and caption suggest that their joint strength will bring about world peace. Though the Process Be Costly, The Road of Progress Must Be Cut, states that progress must be pursued despite suffering on both sides. Je l'ai fait relguer sous bonne escorte. In the United States, the Boer War, conquest of the Philippines, and Boxer Uprising prompted large, detailed, sophisticated, full-color cartoons in Puck and Judge. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. National Endowment for the Humanties. Smith, Arthur Henderson. Terms of Use Caption: Though the process be costly, the road to progress must be cut. He was the fifth son of Francis William Rhodes and his second wife, Louisa Peacock. Newly conquered populations, described in the opening stanza as your new-caught, sullen peoples, half-devil and half-child would need sustained commitments to serve your captives needs., Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2014 Visualizing Cultures. Ricard, Serge. Each sign is topped by the word Wanted and the goods listed include trolley lines, electric lights, water-works, sewers, paving, asphalt roads, watches, clocks, wagons, carriages, trucks, 100,000 bridges, 500,000 engines, 2 million cars, 4 million rails, 100,000 RR stations, cotton goods, telegraph, telephone, stoves, lamps, petroleum, medicines, chemicals, disinfectants, 50 million reaping machines, 100 million plows, and 50 million sewing machines. Beyond flat-out aggression and repression, the common thread that linked the imperialist powers, in Twains critique, was the hypocrisy of expansionist rhetoric about Civilization and Progress. (He itemized the virtues that supposedly animated this white mans burden as Love, Justice, Gentleness, Christianity, Protection of the Weak, Temperance, Law and Order, Liberty, Equality, Honorable Dealing, Mercy, and Education.) The February 1901 essay opens with the satirical observation that: Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully workedbut not enough, in my judgement, to make any considerable risk advisable. The distance from Capetown to Cairo, as the crow flies, is about 4200 miles. On the left, Minerva, goddess of wisdom and Western civilization, witnesses the debut. Udo Keppler, a Puck cartoonist who was still in his twenties at the time, was more benign in his rendering of the great rapprochement. Le Royaume-Uni (United Kingdom) Jean Veber,LAssiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901. Three savage turn-of-the-century conflicts defined the milieu in which such rhetoric flourished: the Anglo-Boer War of 18991902 in South Africa; the U.S. conquest and occupation of the Philippines initiated in 1899; and the anti-foreign Boxer Uprising in China that provoked intervention by eight foreign nations in 1900. Mans Burden, in the caption to thisLifecover published shortly after Kiplings poem. Good Will to Nobody.Life, January 4, 1900, Source: Widener Library, Harvard University, UnlikePuckandJudge, Life was often highly critical of U.S. overseas expansion. Misery Loves Company;but they hope soon to be out of it. Louis Dalrymple, Puck, March 20, 1901. Pages. Keppler, Udo J., Artist. J. Ottman Lithographic Company, Printer, and Udo J Keppler. How such uncivilized behavior fit the rhetoric of the civilizing mission is the subject of the Life cartoon, A Red-Letter Day. Against a backdrop of distant flames, a Filipino mansympathetically drawn as tall, handsome, and heroic in contrast to the usual caricature of a tiny, expressionless savage in a grass skirtis questioned by a clergyman. Vol. 5 vols. Uncle Sam breaks up a fight between students identified as Cuban Ex-Patriot and Guerilla in his New Class in the Art of Self-Government. The famous white-haired general, Mximo Gmez, a master of insurgency tactics in the Cuban Independence War (18951898) reads a book with his name on it. Abe Ignacio, Enrique de la Cruz, Jorge Emmanuel, Helen Toribo. record ("About This Item") with your request. Daggett, Aaron Simon. Presence of a German fleet lent evidence to one of the justifications the U.S. gave for war with Spain, that is, to protect the Philippines from takeover by a rival major power. This special issue illustrated by Thophile Steinlen comprises a particularly gruesome mural depicting the bloodshed of contemporary colonial wars in Turkey, China, and Africa. Jean Veber,LAssiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938). Co., Puck Bldg., 1902 December 10. It was feared that the mystical rituals and xenophobic violence of the Yi He Tuan (Boxer) secret society would overwhelm Chinas ineffectual rulers, cast the country into chaos, and hinder the trade and profits anticipated by the great powers. Translated from Russian. In the United States Puck, Judge, and the first version of a pictorial magazine titled Life; in France LAssiette au Beurre; and in Germany the acerbic Simplicissimus published masterful illustrations that ranged in opinion and style from partisan to thoughtful to gruesome. And the third was the anti-foreign Boxer Uprising in China in 18991901, which led to military intervention by no less than eight foreign nations including not only Tsarist Russia and the Western powers, but also Japan. The link between U.S. conquest of the Philippines and the lure of the China market was widely acknowledged at the time, and no one rendered this more vividly, concisely, and admiringly than the cartoonist Emil Flohri. What do they expect from a drunken soldier, anyway? 1900. LC copy from Naimusho Keihokyoku censorship collection; classified as "annei" and banned. Vultures hover above the procession, and the artifacts of past civilization are trampled underfoot at the rear. Wrapped in Kerosene-Soaked Cotton and Roasted to Death., In this same horrified mode, the July 28 cover of Harpers Weeklya publication that carried the subtitle A Journal of Civilizationdepicted demonic Boxers brandishing primitive weapons, carrying severed heads on pikes, and trampling a child wrapped in the American flag. Expansionism promulgated under the banner of civilization could not escape being carried out in global military campaigns, referred to as the savage wars of peace in the third stanza: Such avowed paternalism towards other cultures recast the invasion of their lands as altruistic service to humankind. Who, they asked, was the real barbarian? Verified questions. LAC nsk 2021-10-04 create (1 card), Printed Ephemera Collection (Library of Congress) - Anti-Imperialist League (Washington, D.C.), Horrible nightmare of a worthy old gentleman. The caption again ironically quotes an Official Report to the War Office that praises the British soldiers bravery in the face of a fierce enemy, in this case women and children: The humanity of our soldiers is admirable and does not tire despite the ferocity of Boers., Vers le Camp de Reconcentration (To the Concentration Camp). The caption, "From the Cape to Cairo. , 1902. Translated from Russian. He is Chief Correspondent of public radio's Biotech Nation, a commentator on NPR's Morning Edition, and a contributing editor and a columnist for Conde Nast Portfolio. John Bull and Uncle Sam lift the globe, turned toward Asia and the Pacific, to the heavens. At the same time, the distinction the artist draws between Britains burden and Americas is striking. In this activity, you will first analyze political cartoons about imperialism, and then create your own anti-imperialist cartoon. Source:Library of Congress, This rueful cartoon places Confucius and Jesus side-by-side and laments the failure of all parties to practice what they preach. An elaborate Puck graphic from early in 1899 called School Begins incorporates all the players in a classroom scene to illustrate the legitimacy of governing without consent. - At the time, however, Twains family, acquaintances, and publisher feared the piece would be denounced as both unpatriotic and sacrilegious, and urged him not to publish it. Priests Horribly Tortured. Gambone, Robert L.Life on the Press The Popular Art and Illustrations of GeorgeBenjamin Luks(Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2009). The influx of cheap Western goods eroded generations-long trading patterns, while telegraph and railroad lines were constructed in violation of superstitions, eliciting deep resentment among Chinese. As the cartoon record of these turn-of-the-century years repeatedly demonstrates, moreover, it was taken for granted by the imperialists that the people on whom they were bestowing the light of civilization were literallyand often grotesquelyof various shades of darker complexion. Elliott, Jane E. SomeDid It for Civilisation, Some Did It for Their Country: A RevisedView of the Boxer War(Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 2002). LC-DIG-ppmsca-25696 (digital file from original print). It was planned as a link between Cape Town in South Africa and Port Said in Egypt. Copyright 1902 by Keppler & Schwarzmann. Commercial interests not only drove U.S. policy in Asia, but also shaped public opinion about it. the Library of Congress because of rights considerations, but you have access to larger size images on 1345 (1902 December 10), centerfold. Americas recent subjugated populations are savage, unruly, and rebelliousliterally visually half devil and half child, as Kipling would have it. England, a caricature, multiples hands over countries, Top hat, 2000s stereotypical villain, water, lands countries. Think It Over: All this for politicsis civilization advancing?. Source:The Ohio State University Cartoon Research Library. Gambone described the portraits as, a testament to the weakness of McKinley, the overarching power of Hanna, and the Trust interests that supported expansion of American business into the Pacific.. Our Christmas Tree. Udo Keppler,Puck, December 27, 1899. In an unprecedented alliance, the second expeditionary force was comprised of (from largest troop size to smallest) Japan, Russia, Great Britain, France, U.S., Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The synergy of piousness and power is the subject of a Keppler cartoon, The Advance Agent of Modern Civilization, in the January 12, 1898, issue of Puck. Yet, the protagonists exchange encouraging looks, revealing the covert support behind their positions of benevolent neutrality., The Anglo-Saxon Christmas 1899. It ends with a stranger entering the church and delivering a devastating description of the carnage experienced by invaded countries. Scorched earth tactics destroyed scores of villages. This video provides an in depth analysis of a GCSE History cartoon from the event surrounding the signing of the Treaty of Versailles (after WW1). The black-and-white drawing by William H. Walker captured the harsh reality behind the ideal of benevolent assimilation, depicting imperialists Uncle Sam, John Bull, Kaiser Wilhelm, and, coming into view, a figure that probably represents France, as burdens carried by vanquished non-white peoples. ), Is This Imperialism?: the Boxer Uprising. Brown, Frederick. Whoever falls into your hands is forfeited. Source:Wikimedia. This will help reinforce what you've already learned about imperialism and will give you more insight into both the minds of the imperialists as well as those who rejected this type of domination. Progress was promoted as an unassailable value that would bring the worlds barbarians into modern times for their own good and the good of global commerce. (The artist signed his name on the grave on the lower right.). Murphy, Erin L. "Women's Anti-Imperialism, 'The White Man's Burden,' and the Philippine-American War,"The Asia-Pacific Journal, Vol. Within a barred room, its walls painted blood-red, a cohort of five army officers headed by a sword-wielding Major General Elwell Stephen Otis (1838-1909), military governor of the Philippines, forces a manacled war correspondent to write only approved dispatches. Uncle Sam and President McKinley countered the assault under another American flag on which was inscribed Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness under treaty rights. The cartoon caption reflected Americas self-image as a reluctant civilizer: Is This Imperialism? 8, Issue 4, pp. Christian missionaries often led the way, followed by politicians, troops, andbringing up the rearbusinessmen. What impact might this have on its perspective or bias? Anthropomorphizing nations and concepts meant that in an 1899 cartoon captioned The White Mans Burden, the U.S., as Uncle Sam, could be shown trudging after Britains John Bull, his Anglo-Saxon partner, carrying non-white nationsdepicted in grotesque racist caricaturesuphill from the depths of barbarism to the heights of civilization. Citing Primary Sources. Estimates of civilian fatalities, on the other hand, range from 200,000 to possibly well over a million. Illustration shows Britannia carrying a large white flag labeled "Civilization" with British soldiers and colonists behind her, advancing on a horde of natives, one carrying a flag labeled "Barbarism". And yet Uncle Sam is always giving money to save the Heathen. Samuel D. Ehrhart,Puck, September 8, 1897. Cutting of Africa at the Berlin Conference published in LIllustration, January 1885. "MOJ 75-A 495": intended for microfilm. Source: Beinecke Rare Books & Manuscripts, Yale University. The White Mans Burden (Apologies to Rudyard Kipling). Victor Gillam,Judge, April 1, 1899. Source:CGACGA, The Ohio State University Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum. 19th Century Editorial Cartoons and the Business of Race." You will post your answers and your own cartoon on Slack #imperialsim. This military dimension of the multi-ethnic United Kingdom is often forgotten. Contemporary conflicts are spelled out over dark clouds. When a Chinese coolie strikes a French soldier the result is a public cry of Barbarity! But when a French soldier strikes a coolie, it's a necessary blow for civilization. Ren Georges Hermann-Paul,Le Cri de Paris, July 10, 1899. The title of the cartoon calls attention to the barbarous uses of much modern technology and so-called progress., les prisonniers bors ont t runis en de grands enclos o depuis 18 mois ils trouvent le repos et le calme. In this blatantly racist rendering, Americas newly subjugated people appear far more primitive and barbaric than the older empires load. Co., Puck Bldg. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University, Left:Auto-Truck of Civilization and Trade, Progress, Force if Necessary, Cotton Dry Goods Education, Right:Boxer, 400 Million Barbarians, China, Civilization and barbarism meet as the headlight of Uncle Sams gun-mounted Auto-Truck of Civilization and Trade shines the light of Progress on China. Published during the Boxer uprisings against Westerners and Christians, the cartoon portrays China as a frenzied dragon under the control of a Boxer gripping a bloody sword and banner reading 400 Million Barbarians. In the balance of power between technological progress and primitive barbarians, the cartoon makes clear who must back up.. American ships for American commerce!!. Contemporary wars in the Philippines and Transvaal (the Boer War) comprise the foreground of the Think It Over battlefield. Cartoonist Victor Gillam turns the tables on American missionary zeal and moral imperative to save the heathen by showing how the Chinese might view the foreign devils in vignettes of ignorance, racism, and extreme violence in the United States. Address of Pope Barrow to the Daughters of the American revolution. Though the Process Be Costly, The Road of Progress Must Be Cut," states that progress must be pursued despite suffering on both sides. Follow. The image is ironically paired with a quote attributed to an Official Report to the War Office that says iron railing through which an electric current runs makes the healthiest and safest fences., Les Progrs de la Science (The Advances of Science). Based on the image or your research, what historical event or imperialist practice is this referencing? The White Mans Burden (Apologies to Rudyard Kipling) (detail). And, more subtly yet, it reflected the shift from the nations agrarian roots toward global engagement. The large Map of the United States and Neighboring Countries is dotted with U.S. flags marking newly-acquired territories. https://gmu.zoom.us/j/92187991244, Please download and import the following iCalendar (.ics) files to your calendar system. English. 1 print : chromolithograph. 1 print : chromolithograph. 367-373 (1998). Britain, the more powerful military partner, shows celebrated victories over the Spanish Armada in 1588 and over the French and Spanish navies at Trafalgar in 1805. Cullinane, M. Patrick. Anti-imperialist protesters were often feminized as weak nervous Nellies and, in a play on words, as aunties. Antiwar graphics, on the other hand, informed the public about the darker side of imperial campaigns. The Boxer Uprising was a godsend for the righteous exponents of a world divided, between the civilized West and barbaric Others. From the Cape to Cairo the first traverse of Africa from south to north by Ewart Scott Grogan. S Summary is a official man just stand up over a land. From 1899 to 1902, the U.S. and Great Britain each became mired in colonial wars that were more vicious and long-lasting than expected. In the rest of the continent, the Belgians brutally dealt with uprisings in the Congo; and the German government gobbled up what practically was the last "free" land for colonials in southwest Africa. The war was declared over by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1902 but continued in parts of the country until 1913. to our monthly Newsletter to learn and link to the content of each issue. Thus, under the Here lies (Hic jacet) on each gravestone, we see generic names coupled with places of origin extending from England to Scotland, Ireland, New Zealand, Canada, Australia, Gibraltar, India, Ceylon, and Egypt. Caricature published in the newspaper Punch, 10 December 1892 Imprint: [ca. (Some images display only as thumbnails outside It is just to use every legitimate means for the enlargement of American trade; but we seek no advantages in the Orient which are not common to all. (Shannon: Irish University Press, 1972)(New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1972). Anthropomorphizing nations and concepts meant that in an 1899 cartoon captioned The White Mans Burden, the U.S., as Uncle Sam, could be shown trudging after Britains John Bull, his Anglo-Saxon partner, carrying non-white nationsdepicted in grotesque racist caricaturesuphill from the depths of barbarism to the heights of civilization. - Families were burned out of their homes and imprisoned in concentration camps. record ("About This Item") with your request. Each of the three major turn-of-the-century wars left a trail of contention in the visual record. N.Y.: J. Ottmann Lith. Save the republic : Anti-imperialist leaflet no. Even the language of Lifes caption is subversive, for it picks up a famous pro-imperialist speech by Theodore Roosevelt titled The Strenuous Life. Delivered on April 10, 1899, two years before Roosevelt became president, the most famous lines of the speech were these: I wish to preach, not the doctrine of ignoble ease, but the doctrine of the strenuous life, the life of toil and effort, of labor and strife; to preach that highest form of success which comes, not to the man who desires mere easy peace, but to the man who does not shrink from danger . https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Research/Digital-Library/Record?libID=o276287. Do the Access Advisory or Call Number fields above indicate that a non-digital surrogate exists, Having defeated China in 189495, Japan is presented by Columbia (the U.S.) to her closest ally, Britannia (Great Britain). Title from item. Her breakthrough was in 1998 with the first episodes of the animated television series (Bakkar) by Cairo Cartoon. The long text accompanying this grim illustration reads as follows: It appears that the Filipinos have lost confidence in Americans. What did the public back home know about the fighting of these far-off wars? 14-27 (May-June 1999). This cartoon is a virtual poster, or an emblem, of the colonialist mentality of the day. such as microfilm or copy prints? Heine used the pages of Simplicissimusto denounce the atrocious conduct of Prussian troops during the Allied intervention in China, where the German forces obviously took to heart Wilhelm IIs exhortation to show no mercy. Skulls dot the landscape ahead in Lifes grim rendering. Rudyard Kiplings famous poem The White Mans Burden was published in 1899, during a high tide of British and American rhetoric about bringing the blessings of civilization and progress to barbaric non-Western, non-Christian, non-white peoples. Hevia, James Louis. Jones, Toby Craig. N.Y.: J. Ottmann Lith. [View Extract]. From the Cape to Cairo. The language obviously resonated with the Kipling-esque imagery of white men bringing enlightenment to new-caught sullen peoples, half-devil and half-child. People of darkness was, moreover, a perception that missionaries (whom Twain excoriated) routinely applied to the heathen natives of non-Christian lands. Vebers series, Les Camps de Reconcentration au Transvaal, begins with the cover image Le Silence, in which a veiled woman holds her finger to her lips, standing over the remnants of what appears to be an electric fence and a plow that suggests the earth has been tilled to bury evidence. Source:Library of Congress. He is greeted with open arms by a mandarin and Wanted signs articulating prodigious opportunities for business. Photograph. For example, the light of civilization literally illuminated vicious, helpless, or clueless barbarians. Britain is digesting China, Egypt, Australia, Africa, Canada, and India. The sign on the shores of England reads, John Bull The old reliable ship builder since 1861. 11 [-21]. Twain went along, partly out of concern for his family, and The War Prayer was not published until 1916, six years after his death. Invading foreign lands was a relatively new experience for the U.S. Ships for American commerce a speciality., Right: Uncle Sam proudly displays his new steamship and a sign that reads, Uncle Sam the ship builder re-established with great success in 1893. | As the military governor until May 1900, Otis inflated Filipino atrocities and prevented journalists, Red Cross officials, and soldiers from reporting American atrocities, though ghastly accounts slipped through. | Print shows Chauncey M. Depew and Robert G. Ingersoll, each in the arms of the other, pointing to quotations attributed to them that justify American imperialist activities 1 print : chromolithograph. In September 1901, the French artist Jean Veber used the pages of LAssiette au Beurre to call attention to one of the often-forgotten ironies of the mystique of the white mans burden. His cartoon, depicting a vast field of flat stone grave markers, carried the simple caption United Kingdom (Le Royaume-Uni). The strategy was among several emerging in these small wars of the turn of the century. From the Cape to Cairo Collection: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Description: Britannia, carrying a large white flag labeled "Civilization" with British soldiers and colonists behind her, advances on a horde of natives, one carrying a flag labeled "Barbarism." Caption: Though the process be costly, the road to progress must be cut. A mound of scribbled papers from an overflowing wastebasket testifies to the coercion exerted upon him to induce cooperation. The Forbidden Book: The Philippine-American War in Political Cartoons(San Francisco: TBoli Pub. Ellen Sebring is an artist, filmmaker, and for a decade was the Creative director of the Visualizing Cultures project at M.I.T.

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