activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key11 Apr activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key
0000115324 00000 n ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. Civil engineers, who design houses, apartment buildings, schools, skyscrapers, bridges, highways, tunnels, water treatment facilities, factories and other structures, may use this data to help them create safer structures that are less likely to sustain damage during earthquakes. 6. Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. A minimum of three seismic stations is necessary to locate an epicenter. Construct an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning to support or refute an explanation or a model for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. Use this information to complete the following. 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[83 25]/Info 82 0 R/Length 62/Prev 466624/Root 84 0 R/Size 108/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). 0000001533 00000 n Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. How does the lag time change as you get farther and HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK The nations most famous fault is the San Andreas Fault, which runs along a north-south trend in southern California, and happens to run directly through Los Angeles. (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. 0000001604 00000 n Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. 1. 12), Analyze and interpret data about natural hazards using direct and indirect evidence Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. Use this information to complete the following. travel time for P waves. 0000000856 00000 n Many updates and improvements! at that station. *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. Do you agree with this alignment? Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. from the epicenter will be 14 8. The point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus and the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. Three seismographs are needed. endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream How far do S waves travel in 5 Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. 9 - important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. time for any point that is 3,000 miles If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. Looking at the nomogram, students click on each location data point to see where the three lines intersect to read the estimated magnitude. Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. The seismometers are shown as green dots. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. Earthquakes can also cause tsunamis, which are very large waves that can damage coastlines and put coastal residents in danger. American Geosciences Institute. Last updated November 26, 2013. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. The time 74 Earthquake Activity: Locating the Epicenter and Time of Earthquake . cCV&0Lw1~c\4QA!{q: N3\`Lccgb,x/if`WH3(\'q)Da'@ | endstream endobj 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[57 4]/Length 20/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream 2. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. 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This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. 0000007097 00000 n Focus. Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Details. (Grades Upload a document. Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." seismograph: An instrument that measures motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? 0000000016 00000 n Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key, locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet pdf, chapter 7 lab 1 locating epicenters answer key, how many seismographs are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake. %PDF-1.3 % Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. What is the Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. I also will take them through the general process of how find the difference in arrival times of p- and s-waves can be used to find a distance to an earthquake and how using data from 3 seismograph stations is used to locate the epicenter. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. This section explains what earthquakes and faults are and what causes earthquakes. 0000002507 00000 n You will receive your score and answers at the end. HTAn Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. (Listen to student ideas.) 61 33 approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? 1. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Examining Seismograms The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are Pwaves, Swaves, and Surface waves. This opens a new window to Michigan Techs UPSeis informational site about earthquakes and seismology. P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake your answers below. minute apart, represent the passage of time Have students click on the Earthquakes Living Lab hyperlink in the top left in the earthquakes section. 0000002250 00000 n Choose an answer and hit 'next'. 0000001408 00000 n 0000078100 00000 n The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. Question: ACTIVITY 2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations-New York; Nome, Alaska; and Mexico City. earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. Zip. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. 0000103591 00000 n Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. activity illustrates how the epicenter of an earthquake is found. How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! https://people.wou.edu/~taylors/gs104/lab5key.pdf Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation Apr 8, 2020 . Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. If your seismograph station is For example, 0000001861 00000 n The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. Copyright 2023. Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. 0000009174 00000 n 0000003991 00000 n 17 Station St., Ste 3 Brookline, MA 02445. The farther a station is from the 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . (Grades H\0y Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. %PDF-1.5 % 0000010002 00000 n Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. Direct student pairs to independently complete the tutorial/simulation to find an epicenter location via the triangulation method and compute the earthquake magnitude: The simulation directs students to look at three simplified seismograms from seismic stations in Chile (Talca, Santiago, Osorno) and select the correct measurements of the S-P intervals. 0000033429 00000 n [N'. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. 0000002840 00000 n The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. Thanks for your feedback! 0000005544 00000 n Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. trailer <<0444DE89825047A1A483C62E98F50868>]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 114 0 obj <>stream Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. earthquake though). This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University What data is used to determine magnitude? Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream 0000007783 00000 n Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare 0000098546 00000 n HTn {0,`K6}(J6]&Q^"!q57y_VQ9fp3/?Mc=KGsrrt:c\$Lh`4}>C>`qcSj0[YpZ_Su(322/N Z./$E )H %C[5ph[BUyGh7|!XPQiDjJ(|BNvylk+g;9G(#Aby>Jcf`XmnwtDD+;Z^I&Sb-4!7oi` L7 endstream endobj 78 0 obj <> endobj 79 0 obj <>stream (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. The hypocenter is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts. 0000001862 00000 n 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. d>(ZvO= /g$=#!$EbBbhD!,x so^6Uc})\uJs=fyY}j'|YjTm8B_[}*Ovm\[J'.mu?lQg,wzJM^X&P w>-T%*h%J4 yB@VPmP]@D------------,2dfY$"A!ANAASi)4$dniiiinH% Gxt5DJ) )9RRr$II'y ??O's^3@[{*{VT?nsNS!ilq]mFO?? question 1 of 3. These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. Mr Gneiss. (Grades 9 - 12). %PDF-1.4 % So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. What did it feel like? In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. Add to Library. For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? different types of seismic waves. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. What is an earthquake? Now on the main page of the Earthquakes Living Lab website (see Figure 2), note the featuring of four active seismic areas and the mapping of real-time and current data from earthquakes happening around the world. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface 0000004224 00000 n 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. Free K-12 standards-aligned STEM curriculum for educators everywhere. minutes? hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. It shows the time required for P 0000001396 00000 n Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. ya{I;W@DgMN2:UtbT=*+cY1.8Vm(u3Zt"J @9TAjJH@H_F3n7\Srdw~gAR#JQGj`ueS! Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach the, seismic station first. P wave: The first seismic wave of an earthquake. xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` Therefore, the lag 0000053998 00000 n If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. Short for "primary wave" or "pressure wave." 0000000956 00000 n 1. The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. longer or shorter). Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . 0000106240 00000 n It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior. 0000002544 00000 n Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. 0000055643 00000 n Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. Finding the Epicenter. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. Describe what the "magnitude" of an earthquake is. Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. 0000006011 00000 n It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. 0000002383 00000 n The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. 0000004511 00000 n a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. consider a seismograph stationed 3, Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. There are two sets of data and maps to do this activity/ lab for than once. Epicenter. Identify P, S, and surface waves on seismograms, Measure amplitude and lag time on seismograms, Use triangulation to accurately locate the epicenter of an earthquake, Accurately report the latitude and longitude of the epicenter, Sea Floor Lab Help with Problem 2 - Tagged, Metamorphic Rocks Lab Instructions - Tagged, Lab exam 2 - Study guide for the second exam regarding all the labs and material covered, Redaccion de textos II Marco n membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? 0000001777 00000 n 0000005149 00000 n I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram.
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