[3] It ranks 11th among all Indian states in human development index. [95] The state also accounts for 50 per cent of leather exports[164][165] from India, valued at around US$3.3 billion of the total US$6.5 billion from India. Loco sheds are located at Erode, Arakkonam, Royapuram in Chennai and Tondaiyarpet in Chennai, Ponmalai (GOC) in Tiruchirappalli as Diesel Loco Shed. Architecture from Chola period From left to right: A State flag for Tamil Nadu was unilaterally proposed by the Government of Tamil Nadu in 1970. Bench Scale Test Work - Parametric Variation Studies for Bulk Flotation of Sulfide Minerals, 3.1.4. The M. A. Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai is an international cricket ground with a capacity of 50,000 and houses the Tamil Nadu Cricket Association. Studies on pre-concentration of molybdenum values from a primary molybdenum ore deposit located in Harur of Dharmapuri district, Tamilnadu were carried out by physical beneficiation techniques. Probl. The major soil groups of Tamil Nadu are: Red soils, (62 per cent) Black soils (12 per cent) Laterite soils (3 per cent) and Coastal [170], Electronics manufacturing is a growing industry in Tamil Nadu, with many international companies like Nokia, Flex, Motorola, Sony-Ericsson, Foxconn, Samsung, Cisco, Moser Baer, Lenovo, Dell, Sanmina-SCI, Bosch, Texas Instruments having chosen Chennai as their South Asian manufacturing hub. Based on URP – Consumption for the period 2004–2005, the percentage of the state's population below the poverty line was 27.5 per cent. Europeans started to establish trade centres during the 17th century in the eastern coastal regions. Effect of Nature and Dosage of Modifier, 3.2. Almost every part of the state is well connected by buses 24 hours a day. Narasimhavarman II built the Shore Temple which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The inferred reserves are about 60 … Find detailed information on industries in Tamil Nadu such as forestry, agriculture, exports, cement, chemical and others in … [55] Tamil Nadu is divided into seven agro-climatic zones: northeast, northwest, west, southern, high rainfall, high altitude hilly, and Kaveri Delta (the most fertile agricultural zone). Tamil Nadu has historically been an agricultural state and is a leading producer of agricultural products in India. [142] The per capita income in 2007–2008 for the state was ₹72,993 ranking third among states with a population over 10 million and has steadily been above the national average.[143]. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu is a land most known for its monumental ancient Hindu temples and classical form of dance Bharata Natyam. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats meet at the Nilgiri Hills. Tamil Nadu is served by an extensive road network, providing links between urban centres, agricultural market-places and rural areas. Tamil Nadu is one of the leading states in the textile sector and it houses the country's largest spinning industry accounting for almost 80 per cent of the total installed capacity in India. Integrated Flowsheet - Large-scale Experiment, b). Rajaraja Chola I and his son Rajendra Chola built temples such as the Brihadeshvara Temple of Thanjavur and Brihadeshvara Temple of Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the Airavatesvara Temple of Darasuram and the Sarabeswara (Shiva) Temple, also called the Kampahareswarar Temple at Thirubhuvanam, the last two temples being located near Kumbakonam. The celebrated Nataraja temple at Chidambaram and the Ranganathaswamy Temple at Srirangam, Tiruchirappalli, held special significance for the Cholas which have been mentioned in their inscriptions as their tutelary deities. [173] Coimbatore is the second largest software producer in the state, next to Chennai. [115] During the Indian Independence Movement, many Tamil poets and writers sought to provoke national spirit, social equity and secularist thoughts among the common man, notably Subramanya Bharathy and Bharathidasan. The state had come under the president's rule on four occasions – first from 1976 to 1977, next for a short period in 1980, then from 1988 to 1989 and the latest in 1991. The Pudukkottai Thondaimans rose to power over the Pudukkottai area by the end of the 17th Century. The French established trading posts at Pondichéry by 1693. The top engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu have been a major recruiting hub for the IT firms. One of the earliest regional parties, the South Indian Welfare Association, a forerunner to Dravidian parties in Tamil Nadu, was started in 1916. TOJSAT: The Online Journal of Science and Technology -1(2), April 2011. [200] With a generating capacity of 648 MWp at a single location, it is the world's sixth largest (as of 2018) solar park. [174], Chennai has emerged as the "SaaS Capital of India". [57] The present Governor, Chief Minister and the Chief Justice are Banwarilal Purohit,[58] Edappadi K. Palaniswami[59] and Sanjib Banerjee[60] respectively. The second day, Surya Pongal is the main day which falls on the first day of the tenth Tamil month of Thai (14 January or 15 January in the western calendar). Correspondence to: T. Sreenivas , Mineral Processing Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, AMD Complex, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500 016, India. According to epigraphist Iravatham Mahadevan, this was the first datable artefact bearing the Indus script to be found in Tamil Nadu. [79][80], At the 2011 India census, Tamil Nadu had a population of 72,147,030. ", "Top 5 Indian States Exporting Leather Products to Other Countries", "Why Chennai turned into 'Detroit of India, "Coimbatore: IT sector on the fast track : NATION – India Today", https://www.crayondata.com/blog/heres-why-chennai-is-the-saas-capital-of-india/, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/a-silent-saas-revolution-is-brewing-in-chennai/articleshow/67583586.cms, https://medium.com/@prabinsamuel/saasboomi-shocking-secret-why-chennai-is-the-saas-capital-of-india-50f251b3a7f1, https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/111018/chennai-is-saas-capital-of-india-edappadi-k-palaniswami.html, "National Highways Summary – Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, Government of India", "Join the Citizen Dialogue on Highway Safety – Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, Government of India", "Groundwork at Neyveli airport done, interested airlines send in bids for opening | Chennai News - Times of India", "Why Thoothukudi was chosen as ISRO's second spaceport", "Airtel 4G - Prepaid | Postpaid | Broadband | Payments Bank| DTH", "Vodafone India - Prepaid | Postpaid | International Roaming | Buy New Connection", "Airtel Broadband Chennai- Ph:9840022123 -New V Fiber Plans", "Best Broadband and Wired Internet Service Provider in India", "Best Broadband Provider - Broadband Plans - Hathway High Speed Internet", "Tamil Nadu all set for Rs 1,500 crore mega optic fibre network", "Adani plans 1,000MW solar power plant at Ramanathapuram | Chennai News – Times of India", "India unveils the world's largest solar power plant", TN Sports and Youth Welfare department 1992, Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu 2012, "Chennai City to stay at Kovai for next 5 years", "Tamil Nadu ranks third in FDI, favoured destination", "Chennai is the most densely populated city in Tamil Nadu, according to census 2011", "Skeletons dating back 3,800 years throw light on evolution", "The Hindu: National: Skeletons, script found at ancient burial site in Tamil Nadu", "The Hindu: National: 'Rudimentary Tamil-Brahmi script' unearthed at Adichanallur", "India's Jurassic nest dug up in Tamil Nadu", "Tamil Nadu India's most literate state: HRD ministry", "Top three States – a socio-economic comparison", "Oscars: Eight on ten for 'Slumdog Millionaire, "A R Rahman wins best original score Oscar", "Bihar is country's fastest growing state at 13.1%", "Contrary to Modi's projections, Gujarat's growth story is riddled with contradictions – The Economic Times", "Flextronics signs pact for Chennai facility", "TN makes its way to top 5 states in HDI", "Tamil Nadu the most urbanised State: Minister", "Education is the means of social mobility – Rediff India Abroad", "State Domestic Product and other aggregates, 2004–05 series", "Gross State Domestic Product at Constant 2004–05 Prices (in Rs. The network connects the state with most major cities in India. Tamil Nadu covers an area of 130,058 km2 (50,216 sq mi), and is the eleventh-largest state in India. Mo is present as molybdenite (MoS2) and the other sulfide minerals in the ore are pyrite, galena and traces of chalcopyrite. The state has 17,000 hectares of land under oil palm cultivation, the second highest in India. Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in Coimbatore is a multi-purpose stadium in Coimbatore constructed in 1971 which is used to host I-League football matches. The state generates a significant proportion of its power needs from renewable sources with wind power installed capacity at over 7154 MW,[194] accounting for 38 per cent of total installed wind power in India . Separation of Sulfide Minerals from Combined Float, 3.2.2. The per capita income at the current price is ₹72,993. [160][161][162] for its cotton production. In the south, Nawabs granted taxation rights to the British which led to conflicts between British and the Palaiyakkarar, which resulted in series of wars called Polygar war to establish independent states by the aspiring Palaiyakkarar. [89], As per the religious census of 2011, Tamil Nadu had 87.58% Hindus, 6.12% Christians, 5.86% Muslims, 0.12% Jains and 0.3% following other religions or no religion. [129] The first talkie was a multi-lingual film, Kalidas, which released on 31 October 1931, barely seven months after India's first talking picture Alam Ara. According to official data, the textile industry in Tamil Nadu accounts for 17 per cent of the total invested capital in all the industries. Tennis is also a popular sport in Tamil Nadu with notable international players including Ramesh Krishnan,[213] Ramanathan Krishnan,[213] Vijay Amritraj[214] and Mahesh Bhupathi. The recent excavations in Alagankulam archaeological site suggests that Alagankulam is one of the important trade centres or port cities of the Sangam Era. Temples such as the Meenakshi Amman Temple at Madurai and Nellaiappar Temple at Tirunelveli are the best examples of Pandyan temple architecture. The Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu (SDAT) owns Nungambakkam tennis stadium which hosts Chennai Open and Davis Cup play-off tournaments. Prior to Indian independence, Tamil Nadu was under British colonial rule as part of the Madras Presidency. [113] Notable example of Tamil poetry include the Tirukkural written by Tiruvalluvar. The state was subsequently split up along linguistic lines. [166] Major global automobile companies including BMW, Ford, Robert Bosch, Renault-Nissan, Caterpillar, Hyundai, Mitsubishi Motors, and Michelin as well as Indian automobile majors like Mahindra & Mahindra, Ashok Leyland, Eicher Motors, Isuzu Motors, TI cycles, Hindustan Motors, TVS Motors, Irizar-TVS, Royal Enfield, MRF, Apollo Tyres, TAFE Tractors, Daimler AG Company invested ₹4 billion for establishing a new plant in Tamil Nadu. The western, southern, and the northwestern parts are hilly and rich in vegetation. [125] The term Kollywood is a blend of Kodambakkam and Hollywood. 217-247, 1990. The state shares a maritime border with the nation of Sri Lanka. [132] The first private Tamil channel, Sun TV was founded in 1993 by Kalanidhi Maran. In Tiruvannamalai district, Banded Magnetite Quartzite with Haematite is found in Kavuthimalai and Vediappanmalai. [110] Sangam literature is primarily secular, dealing with everyday themes in a Tamilakam context. GSI has also established resources of molybdenite in Dharmapuri district. Yan Liu, Yifei Zhang, Fangfang Chen, Yi Zhang, The alkaline leaching of molybdenite flotation tailings associated with galena, Hydrometallurgy (in press) 2012. 70, 147â 155, 2003. district in the south, covering about 5,143 km2.This district is elevated from 300 to 1,400 m above the mean sea level. Veeran Sundaralingam (1700–1800) was the General of Kattabomman Nayakan's palayam, who died in the process of blowing up a British ammunition dump in 1799 which killed more than 150 British soldiers to save Kattapomman Palace. The state accounted for 13.6 per cent of all accidents in the country with 66,238 accidents in 2013, 11.3 per cent of all road accident deaths and 15 per cent of all road-related injuries, according to data provided by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. Though this finding remains contested, like the claim of historian Michel Danino who rubbishes the theory of the latter's southward migration in a paper he presented at the International Symposium on Indus Civilisation and Tamil Language in 2007. [184], In Tamil Nadu, the Government of India is to set up a new Rocket launch pad near Kulasekharapatnam in Thoothukudi district for which the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has begun work. [130] Swamikannu Vincent, who had built the first cinema of South India in Coimbatore, introduced the concept of "Tent Cinema" in which a tent was erected on a stretch of open land close to a town or village to screen the films. Tourism in Tamil Nadu is promoted by Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation (TTDC), a government of Tamil Nadu undertaking. Hundreds of leather and tannery facilities are located around Vellore and its nearby towns. Depending on the deposit, these tungsten ores have a WO 3 content of Nagaraj, S.A. Ravishankar and R. Capanema, Optimization of Reagents in Sulfide Flotation, in Cytech Solutions for Hydrometallurgy and Mineral Processing, 15, 22-29,Sept 2010. [114] Tamil Lexicon, published by the University of Madras, is the first among the dictionaries published in any Indian language. The excavation reveals the politicalsocio-cultural significance of these historical [149] Annual food grains production in the year 2007–08 was 10035,000 mt. [111] The Sangam literature also deals with human relations and emotions. [207] Srinivasaraghavan Venkataraghavan,[208] Krishnamachari Srikkanth,[209] Laxman Sivaramakrishnan, Sadagoppan Ramesh, Laxmipathy Balaji,[210] Murali Vijay,[211] Ravichandran Ashwin,[212] Vijay Shankar, Murali Karthik, Washington Sundar, Subramaniam Badrinath, Abhinav Mukund and Dinesh Karthik are some prominent cricketers from Tamil Nadu. It is the fifth-largest state police force in India (as of 2015, total police force of TN is 1,11,448) and has the highest proportion of women police personnel in the country (total women police personnel of TN is 13,842 which is about 12.42%) to specifically handled violence against women in Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. According to the publications of the Tamil Nadu government, the Gross State Domestic Product at Constant Prices (The base year 2004–2005) for the year 2011–2012 is ₹4.281 trillion (US$60 billion), an increase of 9.39 per cent over the previous year. 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