Study of a dried bone shows its inorganic matter, while that of a decalcified bone reveals the animal matter. In the tissues oxyhaemoglobin readily gives up its oxygen. They constitute about 7 to 8% part of plasma. The matrix is not secreted by the cells present in it. This tissue is present in the skin. There are about 250,000 platelets in a cubic millimetre of blood. In mammals, yolk sac (an embryonic membrane), liver, bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen and thymus are the heomopoietic organs in the embryo. The main salts found in the matrix are calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, sodium chloride and magnesium phosphate. The volume of blood in an adult person of 70 kg weight is about 5.5 litres. This is a flexible connective tissue found in many areas in the bodies of humans and other animals, including the joints between bones, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the elbow, the knee, the ankle, the bronchial tubes, and the intervertebral discs. Your connective tissue supports many different parts of your body, such as your skin, eyes, and heart. It is present under the skin as subcutaneous tissue in between and around muscles, nerves and blood vessels in sub-mucosa of gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract, in the bone marrow, between the lobes and lobules of compound glands and in mesenteries and omenta. It is part of the skin dermis area and in the joint capsules of the limbs. This is a question and answer forum for students, teachers and general visitors for exchanging articles, answers and notes. Connective Tissue Associated with Muscle Tissue Quiz: Connective Tissue Associated with Muscle Tissue Structure of Skeletal Muscle Quiz: Structure of Skeletal Muscle Muscle Contraction Types … Adipose tissue or body fat is loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. Many years old ‘mummies’ still have their arteries intact due to well preserved elastic fibres. Skeletal tissues include cartilage and bone. White fat contains large adipose cells, each having a single large fat globule and hence, called monolocular. Hemocytoblasts in red bone marrow give rise to mature RBCs. This consists of closely packed bundles of collagen fibers running in the same direction. of femur) and humeri (pi. Ground substance is a clear, colorless, viscous fluid that fills the space between the cells and fibers. They are arranged in bundles, separated by sheets of connective tissue containing collagen. Specialised Connective Tissues: The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Research is uncovering connective tissue's role in the benefits of the ancient practice. The following points highlight the three main types of connective tissues. It is found at the ends of long bones (epiphyses). Examples of connective tissue are fat, bone, and cartilage. This varies from 4-11 x 103/cu mm of blood in humans. They have some similarity to lysosomes. It is similar to that of blood but has fewer blood proteins, less calcium and phosphorus and high glucose concentration. Thus it allows stretching of various organs. Blood forms about 30-35 percent of the ECF. Formation of erythrocytes is called erythropoiesis. (vi) Conducting heat to skin for dissipation and. The primary tissue of bone, osseous tissue, is a relatively hard and lightweight composite material, formed mostly of calcium phosphate in the chemical arrangement termed calcium hydroxylapatite. Bone tissue is also called the osseous tissue. support and binding of body parts. They seem to play a part in the immune system. Connective tissue proper consists of loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue (which is further subdivided into dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues.) Although it is the most abundant and widely distributed of the primary tissues, the amount of connective tissue in a particular organ varies. The increase in number of acidophils during allergy is called eosinophilia. It is named so because it takes the form of fine threads crossing each other in every direction leaving small spaces called areolae. Normal or low TLC is in viral infection, malaria, typhoid or tuberculosis. Neutrophils are the most numerous of all leucocytes. It lines, protects and secretes. The Haversian canals, a characteristic feature of the mammalian bones, are present in the matrix. It is due to the fact that women undergo menstruation. They are non-motile and non-phagocytic. Collagen is found in the tendons, ligaments, skin, cartilage, bone and blood vessels. In mammals thrombocytes are called blood platelets. These are chlorides, bicarbonates, sulphates and phosphates of sodium, potassium, calcium, iron and magnesium. They are composed of a protein called reticulin. All salts constitute about 0.9% of plasma. Drumstick is formed by transformation of an X-chromosome. They help the connective tissue to stretch and recoil. These disorders often involve the joints, muscles, and skin, but they can also involve other organs and organ systems, including the eyes, heart, lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and blood vessels. They also help in healing of injuries. Decrease in the number of RBCs is called erythrocytopenia which causes oxygen shortage in the blood and tissues. This tissue forms the fascia, which is a fibrous membrane that wraps around the muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. They are flat and non-nucleated fragments of the cells. Connective tissue is made up of a few cells present in the intercellular framework of protein fibres secreted by the cells, known as collagen or elastin. It is like a "cellular glue" that gives your body parts their shape and helps keep them strong. They are simply bits of protoplasm, bounded by a membrane and contain a few cell organelles and secretory granules in the cytoplasm. When a body region is inflamed, the areolar tissue in the area soaks up the excess fluid as a sponge and the affected area swells and becomes puffy, a condition called edema. Lymphatic capillaries present in the intestinal villi are called lacteals which are associated with absorption and transportation of fat and fat soluble vitamins. The presence of white fibrous tissue at the joints between skull bones makes them immovable. The vascular tissues are of two types: blood and lymph. The sheets formed by this tissue occur in the walls of blood vessels, lungs, bronchioles, true vocal cords, cartilage of larynx, trachea, capsules of spleen and ligamenta flava which connect adjacent vertebrate. These bones are formed in the tendons at the joints. 5. In the early few weeks of embryonic life, primitive nucleated RBCs are produced in the yolk sac. Like to the timber framing of a house, the connective tissue provides structure and support throughout the body. Microscopic Structure of Decalcified Mammalian Bone: It consists of four parts: periosteum, matrix, endosteum and bone marrow. The most conspicuous component of the mucoid tissue is a jelly like substance, called whartson’s jelly. A leucocyte consists of cell membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm. This condition causes redness, swelling, and pain (also known as inflammation). During rains haemopoiesis also occurs in bone marrow due to an active life of frog. It absorbs and transports fat and fat soluble vitamins from the intestine. The sheets formed by this tissue occur in the walls of blood vessels, lungs, bronchioles, true vocal cords, cartilage of larynx, trachea, capsules of spleen and ligamenta flava which connect adjacent vertebrate. Thus they are much smaller than both the red and white blood corpuscles. In later embryonic stage, RBCs are mainly produced by the liver and spleen. Acidity of blood results haemoglobin to carry less oxygen. It has fibroblasts and many fibres (mostly collagen) that are oriented differently. 4 Main Tissue Types Tissue and Distinctive Features Tissue and Distinctive Features Epithelium: Tightly packed cells that cover and line body surfaces. 7,143 connective tissue stock photos, vectors, and illustrations are available royalty-free. * Hard connective tissue-has a very firm consistency, as in cartilage, or is hardened by minerals in the matrix, as in bone. Read more: Connective Tissue (CT) Disease Article These are floating amoeboid cells, the leucocytes (white blood corpuscles), which are mostly lymphocytes. The spleen is a large lymphatic organ in the body. It contains yellow bone marrow and has Haversian systems. It also contains mast cells, macrophages and often some adipose cells. Lymphocytes are produced mainly in lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, bone marrow and Peyer’s patches of small intestine. A normal adult man and woman have 5 and 4.5 million RBCs per cubic millimetre of blood respectively. It also provides support and protection. To understand why connective tissue is so important, lets take a close look at the various kinds of connective tissue, along with some examples. Like the periosteum, it comprises white fibrous tissue and osteoblasts (bone forming cells). 4. This process is called diapedesis. Loose and dense connective tissue are distinguished by the ratio of ground substance to fibrous tissue. For example, red and white blood cells are found in blood, which is a fluid connective tissue. Brown colour is due to iron containing cytochrome pigment in fat. … The matrix is tough containing both inorganic and organic substances. Vascular tissues transport the materials from one place to the other. These bones develop from the pre-existing cartilage and practically replace the cartilage. This lobe is called drum stick (= sex chromatin) or Barr body. Manual of Surgery | Alexis Thomson and Alexander Miles The blood vessels … During foetal life and at birth there is red bone marrow throughout the skeleton. Their granules take basic stain (e.g., methylene blue) strongly. reticular. Three types of fibers are found in connective tissue: Collagen: Collagen fibers are the strongest and most abundant of all the connective tissue fibers. These connective tissues form the endoskeleton of the vertebrates. A connective tissue disease is any disease that affects the parts of the body that connect the structures of the body together. The total number of RBCs per microlitre (lµ l = 1 mm3 = 10-6 l) of blood is termed as the total count of RBCs. TOS4. They are the largest of all types of leucocytes and somewhat amoeboid in shape. This website includes study notes, research papers, essays, articles and other allied information submitted by visitors like YOU. Collagen fibers are fibrous proteins and are secreted into the extracellular space and they provide high tensile strength to the matrix. Abnormal increase of WBCs is in malignancies like leukemia (blood cancer). The nucleus is usually three lobed. After about the fifth year the red bone marrow is gradually replaced in the long bones by yellow bone marrow. It is yellow in colour and has much fatty tissue. Young cartilage cells are relatively small, often flattened with many small surface projections (filopodia) and are called chondroblasts (this term is also used for embryonic cartilage producing cells). Erythropoietin stimulates the bone marrow to increase the production of RBCs. But the white fibrous tissue is present here inner to osteoblasts. The leucocytes are of two main types: Agranulocytes and granulocytes. Systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, polymositis, and dermatomyositis are examples of connective tissue diseases that have no known cause. It is also of two types: white fibrous connective tissue and yellow elastic connective tissue. Variations in the composition of the extracellular matrix, determines the properties of the connective tissue. The ground substance functions as a molecular sieve for substances to travel between blood capillaries and cells. Examples: humerus, femur. Major functions of connective tissue include: 1) binding and supporting, 2) protecting, 3) insulating, 4) storing reserve fuel, and 5) transporting substances within the body. These are formed in the soft organs (= viscera). Thus iron, protein, vitamin B12 and folic acid are essential for the formation of haemoglobin and RBCs. See connective tissue stock video clips. (a) Erythrocytes (Red Blood Corpuscles or RBCs): They are the most abundant cells in the human body. Rise in WBC count is termed leucocytosis. To 92 % of the body vertebrae and knee meniscus for ion like calcium magnesium... 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